August 11, 2004. The Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority in Britain announces it has granted a license to a team at the University of Newcastle for human therapeutic cloning. The researchers clone early-stage embryos for the purpose of stem-cell extraction; these embryos are destroyed before they develop past 14 days. The full-on cloning of humans remains illegal in Britain. Cloning has traditionally been associated with eugenic theories, particularly towards genetic discrimination (Boloz, 2001).
Therapeutic cloning is accomplished when the embryos of human eggs are replaced with nuclei of skin tissues of adults, and allowed to divid, as if fertilized. Eggs are generally gathered from left over donations through in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). The hope is that cells can be grown into any number of tissues in the human body, to help fight incurable diseases, and resist rejection of the body (as the cells come from the same DNA as the person they are curing). The Newcastle team was specifically looking towards creating insulin-producing cells for diabetic patients.
-Leslie Baker, Colette Leung, and Amy Dyrbye
Human cloning given the green light. (2004, August 11). Mail Online. Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-313594/Human-cloning-given-green-light.html.
Adam, D. (2004, August 12). Green light for stem cell clones: Pro-life group’s anger as university team is granted first license to create human embryos for research. The Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/aug/12/sciencenews.genetics.
Scientists given cloning go-ahead. (2004, August 11). BBC News. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3554474.stm.
Boloz, W. (2001). Eugenics and human cloning [Article in Polish]. Med Wieku Rozwoy, 5(1), 53-62.